Tau is a microtubule-associated protein, which encodes by the MAPT gene that located on chromosome 17q21. Tau Promotes microtubule assembly and stability, and might be involved in the establishment and maintenance of neuronal polarity. Hyperphosphorylation of the tau protein (tau inclusions, pTau) can result in the self-assembly of tangles of paired helical filaments and straight filaments, which are involved in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease, frontotemporal dementia, and other tauopathies.